Each product is recognized by the atoms it consists of and the charges associated with it. The chemical composition of various products not only defines their...

The two most used coagulants to chemically remove phosphorus from wastewater are aluminum sulfate, commonly known as alum, and ferric sulfate. The following equations show the...

Wastewater treatment plays a critical role in protecting both public health and the environment. Adopting a higher-concentration wastewater chemistry can enhance treatment efficiency. This article depicts...

Problem detection Maintenance of these setups should be a priority for all treatment plants. Negligence at this level can generate several problems up to a complete...

Two types of polymers are available on the market: emulsion polymers and dry polymers. These two products require separate instructions. However, some parameters remain applicable to...

Wastewater can be a challenge for any facility whether that be in a Municipal or Industrial setting. From inconsistent influent, which can change over time, to...

While you might know that we need to treat the wastewater of our industries and cities, do you know what makes up water and wastewater? To...

The wastewater treatment chain of several municipal and industrial systems begins with biological treatment (MBBR, SBR, or activated sludge), followed by the chemical treatment of wastewater...

Five-day biochemical oxygen demand, or BOD5 , is one of the parameters of water quality. This BOD5 measures the amount of biodegradable organic matter contained in a...